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Perit Dial Int 30(2): 135-141
2010
© 2010 International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis
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BENCH SCIENCE REVIEW

AQUAPORIN-1: NEW DEVELOPMENTS AND PERSPECTIVES FOR PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

Olivier Devuyst1 and Andrea J. Yool2

Division of Nephrology,1 Université catholique de Louvain Medical School, Brussels, Belgium; Discipline of Physiology,2 School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

Correspondence to: O. Devuyst, Division of Nephrology, UCL Medical School, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. Olivier.Devuyst{at}uclouvain.be

ABSTRACT

Peritoneal dialysis involves diffusive and convective transport and osmosis through the highly vascularized peritoneal membrane. Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that the water channel aquaporin-1 (AQP1) corresponds to the ultrasmall pore predicted by the model of peritoneal transport. Proof-of-principle studies have shown that upregulation of the expression of AQP1 in peritoneal capillaries results in increased water permeability and ultrafiltration, without affecting the osmotic gradient or small solute permeability. Conversely, studies in Aqp1 mice have shown that haplo-insufficiency for AQP1 results in significant attenuation of water transport. Recent studies have demonstrated that AQP1 is involved in the migration of different cell types, including endothelial cells. In parallel, chemical screening has identified lead compounds that could act as antagonists or agonists of AQPs, with description of putative binding sites and potential mechanisms of gating the water channel. By modulating water transport, these pharmacological agents could have clinically relevant effects in targeting specific tissues or disease states.

KEY WORDS: Aquaporin-1; water channels; agonist, antagonist; ultrafiltration; ultrasmall pore; peritoneal transport.

Received 21 January 2010; accepted 2 February 2010.






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