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Perit Dial Int 29(5): 575-579
2009
© 2009 International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis
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Clinical Sciences

PHARMACOKINETICS OF MOXIFLOXACIN IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CONTINUOUS AMBULATORY PERITONEAL DIALYSIS

Chrysanthi Skalioti1, Thomas Tsaganos2, Dimitrios Stamatiadis1, Evangelos J. Giamarellos–Bourboulis2, John Boletis1 and Kyriaki Kanellakopoulou2

Department of Nephrology,1 Laikon General Hospital; 4th Department of Internal Medicine,2 University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece

Correspondence to: T. Tsaganos, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, 1 Rimini Str., Athens 124 62, Greece. tsag{at}freemail.gr

{diamondsuit} Objective: To investigate the effect of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) on plasma and peritoneal fluid concentration and pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin after administration of one 400 mg dose orally to end-stage renal failure patients undergoing CAPD.

{diamondsuit} Patients and Methods: Blood and peritoneal samples were collected from 8 patients at standard time intervals and concentrations of moxifloxacin were estimated by HPLC analysis with fluorometric and ultraviolet detection. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using standard noncompartmental methods.

{diamondsuit} Results: Median maximum plasma moxifloxacin concentration was 5.86 mg/L at a median time of 1.25 hours. In serum, median area under the concentration–time curve (AUC0->inf) was 157.95 ± 100.34 mg·hour/L, median t1/2 25.00 hours, median clearance 2.54 L/hour, and median distribution volume 94.90 L. Median peritoneal fluid-to-plasma ratio of moxifloxacin ranged between 0.84 and 1.00, denoting adequate penetration and lack of considerable moxifloxacin removal during CAPD. Maximum moxifloxacin concentration/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and AUC0->24/MIC ratios were above the cutoff points that indicate clinical success.

{diamondsuit} Conclusion: A single 400 mg oral dose of moxifloxacin is safe, presents rapid peritoneal fluid penetration, has similar plasma and peritoneal fluid pharmacokinetics, and should therefore be efficacious in the treatment of CAPD-induced peritonitis.

KEY WORDS: Moxifloxacin; pharmacokinetics; renal failure; bacterial peritonitis.

Received 23 January 2008; accepted 26 September 2008.






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