Technological advances such as those that allow the delivery of an adequate dialysis dose to a larger percentage of patients, minimization of peritoneal membrane damage with more biocompatible solutions, and lower peritonitis rates will undoubtedly improve retention of patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) for longer periods. Currently, only 15% of the world dialysis population is managed by PD. Peritoneal dialysis has many advantages over hemodialysis, and if end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are fully informed about them, the proportion of patients who would prefer this treatment would rise to 25%-30%. An integrated approach to the treatment of ESRD could start with PD in a large percentage of patients, especially those who will receive a kidney transplant within 2 - 3 years. With the present epidemic of ESRD, this approach could lead to a significant saving, relieve the pressure on dialysis units, and allow a larger number of ESRD patients to be treated.

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