The proper treatment of an infant with end-stage renal disease depends upon a number of factors including parental willingness to take on the task, experience of the health-care team, local and regional resources, and society's willingness to accept this support as a standard of care. Whereas the ability to keep infants alive on peritoneal dialysis (PD) is obtainable, it is not without physical, financial, as well as emotional cost. In order for a family to agree to take on such a task, an understanding of the risks and long-term prognosis should be offered. This "informed consent" is difficult to obtain in such a highly charged situation when emotions often dictate choice independently of logic. Long-term outcome of infants on PD has improved over time, yet is still fraught with complications. Options of treatment or nontreatment are explored.

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