OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of serum albumin using immunoturbidimetry, demographic, biochemical, and kinetic factors on survival of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. DESIGN: A review of prospectively collected data in a 2-year follow-up study of peritoneal transport kinetics. SETTING: University medical center. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-one patients, evaluated within 3 months after the start of CAPD. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Covariables used in the survival analysis were plasma urea, and creatinine, albumin, hemoglobin, mass transfer area coefficient of creatinine, peritoneal albumin clearance, 4-hour peritoneal albumin loss, net ultrafiltration, age, blood pressure, body mass index, difference between actual and ideal bodyweight, and presence or absence of systemic disease. RESULTS: Overall survival was 64% at 2 years. Median serum albumin was 30.9 g/L, range 18.1-43.9 g/L. Patients with a serum albumin below the median had a lower survival rate than those higher than the median (2-year survival 49% vs 79%, p = 0.01). Using the Cox model, survival was related to systemic disease (p = 0.004), age (p = 0.02), hemoglobin (p = 0.03), and serum albumin (p = 0.1). CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm the strength of serum albumin as predictor of survival. However, in this study serum albumin merely reflected the presence of a systemic disease, which was the most important risk factor for patient survival.

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